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Is garlic intake effective in reducing risk of gastric cancer?
Date of publication of the systematic review: 2015
Design
Systematic review of 14 case-control studies, 2 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 1 cohort studies.
Participants
The reviewers did not report participants’ characteristics.
Intervention
Fresh garlic, daily garlic supplement use or use of a specific component of garlic (200mg of allitridium every day and 100mcg of selenium every other day) were consumed as intervention. The reviewers did not report mean duration and frequency of garlic consumption.
Comparator
Comparison: Garlic consumption versus placebo.
Major Outcomes
Outcome 1: Risk of gastric cancer.
Settings
This study was performed in an outpatient setting.
Comparison Garlic consumption versus placebo
Main Results
Compared to placebo, garlic consumption resulted in significantly lower risk of gastric cancer (odds ratio(OR): 0.49, 95% CI: 0.38 to 0.62).
| Outcome | No. of studies (Total number of participants) | Risk/No. of participants | Heterogeneity test ( I2) | Pooled OR (95% CI) | Overall quality of evidence* | |
| Intervention | Comparator | |||||
| 1 | 17 (not reported) | Not reported | Not reported | 30.9% | 0.49 (0.38 to 0.62) | High |
Comparison Garlic consumption versus placebo
Main Results
Compared to placebo, garlic consumption resulted in significantly lower risk of gastric cancer (odds ratio(OR): 0.49, 95% CI: 0.38 to 0.62).
Comparison: Garlic consumption versus placebo
| Outcome | 1 | |
|---|---|---|
| No. of studies (Total number of participants) | 17 (not reported) | |
| Risk/No. of participants | Intervention | Not reported |
| Comparator | Not reported | |
| Pooled OR (95% CI) | 0.49 (0.38 to 0.62) | |
| Overall quality of evidence* | High | |
Keys: OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval.
Conclusion
Benefits
Compared to placebo, garlic intake can significantly reduce the risk of gastric cancer.
For outcome 1, the overall quality of evidence is high. Further research is unlikely to have an important impact on our confidence in this estimate of effect.
Harms
Side effects or overdosing were not reported by the reviewers.
Link to Original Article
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25411831The synopsis is based on the following article:
Kodali R.T., Eslick G.D. Meta-analysis: Does garlic intake reduce risk of gastric cancer? Nutr Cancer. 2015;67(1):1-11.
Kodali R.T., Eslick G.D. Meta-analysis: Does garlic intake reduce risk of gastric cancer? Nutr Cancer. 2015;67(1):1-11.
* Interpretation of quality assessment results:
• Very low: Further research is most likely to have an important impact on our confidence in this estimate of effect.
• Low: Further research is likely to have an important impact on our confidence in this estimate of effect.
• Moderate: Further research is fairly likely to have an important impact on our confidence in this estimate of effect.
• High: Further research is unlikely to have an important impact on our confidence in this estimate of effect.
• Very high: Further research is most unlikely to have an important impact on our confidence in this estimate of effect.
Details of assessment method can be found at Chung VC, Wu XY, Ziea ET, Ng BF, Wong SY, Wu JC. Assessing internal validity of clinical evidence on effectiveness of CHinese and integrative medicine: Proposed framework for a CHinese and Integrative Medicine Evidence RAting System (CHIMERAS). European Journal of Integrative Medicine. 2015 Aug 31;7(4):332-41.
• Very low: Further research is most likely to have an important impact on our confidence in this estimate of effect.
• Low: Further research is likely to have an important impact on our confidence in this estimate of effect.
• Moderate: Further research is fairly likely to have an important impact on our confidence in this estimate of effect.
• High: Further research is unlikely to have an important impact on our confidence in this estimate of effect.
• Very high: Further research is most unlikely to have an important impact on our confidence in this estimate of effect.
Details of assessment method can be found at Chung VC, Wu XY, Ziea ET, Ng BF, Wong SY, Wu JC. Assessing internal validity of clinical evidence on effectiveness of CHinese and integrative medicine: Proposed framework for a CHinese and Integrative Medicine Evidence RAting System (CHIMERAS). European Journal of Integrative Medicine. 2015 Aug 31;7(4):332-41.
